Land scarcity and infeasibility of its production make the practice of its operation and management to be undertaken in a suitable manner. Over recent years, the attitude toward land use management and rural residential land assignments in particular has been made from a sustainability viewpoint. In Iran, like some other countries, the government has attempted to assign national wastelands within a residential land plan to the rural people since 1979. This study aims at identifying strengths/ opportunities as well as weaknesses/ threats of such treatment and presenting a best strategy through the SWOT model. According to the study findings of the research done by the description and analysis of 264 rural household questionnaires and 22 questionnaires of the experts in Housing Foundation in six selected provinces, given the existing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, a competitive strategy might be recognized as the best one.

The Trans-Sumatra Toll Road (TSTR) located in Indonesia operation which is under the management of State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) faces several challenges and requires alternative sources of financing and income, one of which is Land Value Capture (LVC)-based area development. This research aims to identify and analyze the Critical Success Factors needed to implement land value capture in the TSTR project. The results of this research obtained five success factors with the highest ranking and a model of the relationship between variables in implementing land value capture in SOE assigned toll road operations based on the consensus of the expert. Through literature studies, 40 success factors were grouped into five categories and 14 criteria to successfully implement land value capture on toll road-based infrastructure that experts validated. The validated success factors were processed through a series of expert assessments using the Delphi-Method questionnaire, resulting in five success factors with the highest ranking in each category. The relationships between variables were further obtained from PLS-SEM modeling and were analyzed. The analysis of the relationship model produced relationships between variables including Government Policy, Toll Road Developer Business Model, Asset/Property Management, Investment Supporting Environment, LVC Planning and Specific Project Conditions. The present study result may determine factors that can ensure the successful completion of toll road projects with SOE assignment scheme.

The assignment of national lands is provided in Iranian law in two definitive and temporary forms. The land is temporarily assigned in the form of a contract between the Ministry of Agriculture and eligible applicants. The contract has a definite form approved by the Cabinet of Ministers. Contracts are made in the form of a lease contract and in accordance with specific procedures such as formality and compliance with a specific form. The parties to the contract are the agricultural director of the province as a representative of the Ministry of Agriculture and, on the other hand, applicants with special general conditions and legal priorities. In addition to paying a fare, the tenant must execute a draft plan on rental land. In addition to land delivery, the landlord should provide the tenant with the conditions for issuing the document. Violation of the tenant will be result in the termination of the rental agreement. In the event of a landlord's violation, the tenant will first demand the coercive and terminate the contract in case of compulsory issuance. Objections to decides of the supervisory board and third party claims of land assigned are the most significant disputes arising from the implementation of the contracts.

Assignment of arbitration clause or arbitration agreement is very important in internal and international arbitration and it has accepted in the law of other countries for example the U. K. and the U. S. In this regard there are some proponents and opponents each one has him/her own arguments. Article 481 of civil procedure code provides that the death of one of the parties to the agreement leads to termination of arbitration Thus if arbitration concludes under separate binding contract or in under the terms of article 10 of civil code, that arbitration will be terminate by death of one of the parties. It means that legal assignment of the contract, doesn`t cause assignment of arbitration clause. This article, concludes that arbitration clause can be personal.

Nowadays to achieve success in international business world requires being informed of the latest developments in trade area.Notwithstanding its increasing importance in modem business and finance, the subject of assignment of rights has long been neglected by lawmakers. But fortunately "Principles of European Contract Law 2002" and "UNIDROIT Principles 2004" have codified the issue. In this essay, the authors deal with some aspects of this issue in the light of these two Codes and the Iranian regulations.

In this article the issue of integrated storage space assignment together with berth allocation for import containers in a container terminal is extended. This problem is adopted from a real world situation in which the type of container affects the decision making process for the storage space assignment problem. A two-level approach is proposed to solve this problem. The storage space allocation problem and the berth assignment problem are formulated as mathematical programming models in two consecutive levels. In the first level, the import containers are assigned to the storage blocks in order to minimize the storage/retrieval times of the containers. The vessels are then allocated to the berth locations in the second level according to the results obtained from the first level in order to minimize the total distance traveled by container handling equipments between the storage blocks and the vessel berth locations in the yard. The performance of the extended model is examined and verified by a number of numerical examples.